Commentary: Is there a right time for Singapore seniors to stop driving?

SINGAPORE: Recent car accidents in Singapore and overseas have stoked debate about elderly drivers. 

At least nine people were killed in South Korea on Jul 1 after a 68-year-old driver drove in the wrong direction, striking pedestrians near Seoul City Hall. Across the country, traffic accidents involving drivers aged 65 have been rising since 2020, prompting some districts to offer cash incentives for senior drivers to give up their licences.

Meanwhile in Singapore, an 89-year-old driver was involved in a four-car crash at Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park in June. In October last year, an 84-year-old driver allegedly ran over two of his friends in Toa Payoh.

On Wednesday (Jul 10), former restaurant owner Ng Siak Hai, 87, was charged with driving without due care and attention, causing the death of one passenger and grievous injury in another.

It is not clear if the age of these drivers contributed to any of the accidents, but these incidents have triggered online discussion about when senior drivers should stop driving and if they should be subject to more stringent checks.

This topic is close to home. A dear 74-year-old friend was injured after she lost control of her car and crashed into a bus stop bollard last month. These incidents are stark reminders that difficult conversations about senior drivers must take place now.

THE REALITIES OF AGEING

When my wife celebrated her 80th birthday, I suggested that she stopped driving. Her response was quick: "Not driving is as good as clipping my wings!"

Indeed, I turned 77 this year and am still driving. Unlike my wife, I would not mind giving up driving because public transport is a greener and increasingly more convenient option.

But for many seniors, driving is a lifeline that allows them to maintain autonomy, engage with their community and manage daily tasks. It is unfair to curtail their right to drive. Or is it?

The fact is, as we age, our cognitive and physical abilities inevitably decline. Recognising this is not a matter of stripping someone’s dignity but acknowledging the realities of ageing. When the effects of ageing endanger the driver and other road users, it may be the kindest thing to limit a senior’s right to drive, for his own safety and that of others.

In Singapore, drivers aged 65 and above are required to pass a medical exam to revalidate their licence. Subsequently, they will have to revalidate their licence every three years.

The medical exam involves a doctor ticking off a checklist, certifying that an elderly person is fit or unfit to drive. It's possible that conditions that impair driving skills such as weakened reflexes or cognitive decline may not appear during the examination.

Perhaps a more substantive medical examination, including tests for reflexes and cognitive abilities, could be introduced. Some elderly may not be aware of their gradual decline or may not want to admit it, and more comprehensive checks are a necessary safeguard.

REGULATIONS AROUND THE WORLD

Policies should be informed by data and best practices from around the world.

In Japan, drivers aged 75 and above have to undergo a cognitive assessment. Those at risk of dementia must undergo special training, while those diagnosed with dementia will have their licence revoked. Any driver aged 75 and above who commits a traffic violation is also administered the cognitive assessment.

In New South Wales, Australia, car drivers aged 85 and above must undergo a practical test every two years, or when recommended by a general practitioner at any age. This test judges the driver’s knowledge of road rules, decision-making and vehicle control.

In Ontario, Canada, drivers over the age of 80 are required to attend a senior driver class, and pass a basic dementia test before their licence can be renewed.

In tightening regulations for senior drivers, lawmakers must be sensitive to their anxiety about becoming less independent in the autumn of their lives. For instance, the European Commission faced backlash when it proposed tests and refresher courses every five years for drivers aged 70 and above. Officials from countries such as Belgium said the proposal amounts to ageism.

Besides implementing safeguards, it is important to provide community support to seniors. We need to create a culture where seniors feel comfortable discussing their driving abilities. Educational programmes that inform elderly drivers about the signs of declining driving skills and the importance of regular check-ups could foster a more proactive approach to this issue.

At the same time, public transportation and rideshare services should be enhanced as a viable alternative to driving. Encouraging seniors to use these modes of transport can help mitigate the emotional impact of giving up driving.

NOT AN EASY DEBATE

As we navigate an ageing society, questions around senior drivers become increasingly relevant. It is not just about deciding when elderly individuals should stop driving, but creating a supportive environment that ensures their continued mobility and quality of life, even when they are no longer behind the wheel.

Ultimately, it’s about ensuring that the elderly can age with self-respect and safety, with the understanding that making these difficult decisions is an act of kindness towards them and the broader community.

The debate on elderly driving is not easy, but with compassion, respect and innovative solutions, we can strike the right balance. I hope we recognise the value of every life on the road while honouring the independence and dignity of my fellow seniors.

Dr William Wan is Senior Consultant for Singapore Kindness Movement.